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1.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 43(1): 49-51, Jan.-Mar. 2023. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430689

ABSTRACT

Silent or subclinical inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is a relatively new term that has been used to describe individuals with asymptomatic active mucosal bowel inflammation, often unaware of their disease due to either the lack of or mild inflammatory symptoms. These patients are at risk for gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal manifestations, with more advanced complications. In this article we intend to describe a case report of a patient with chronic history of many organ involvements including ocular, skin, and musculoskeletal, which was later placed under the umbrella of silent ulcerative colitis. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Colitis, Ulcerative/complications , Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnosis , Arthritis/etiology , Uveitis/etiology , Erythema/etiology
2.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 35(3)sept. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1441742

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento de la cirugía de catarata mediante la técnica de facoemulsificación en pacientes con uveítis. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal prospectivo. La muestra la constituyeron todos los pacientes con uveítis sometidos a cirugía de catarata mediante la técnica de facoemulsificación, atendidos en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" en el período de septiembre 2018 a septiembre 2019. Resultados: El grupo etario que predominó corresponde a la séptima década de la vida, el sexo se comportó de forma equitativa, prevaleció el color de la piel blanca. Predominaron las cataratas secundarias a uveítis de etiologías no infecciosas y el glaucoma secundario fue la enfermedad ocular asociada más frecuente. Un preoperatorio adecuado influyó en la mejoría de los resultados visuales y en el control adecuado de la respuesta inflamatoria, un transoperatorio óptimo minimizó las complicaciones, redundando en menos inflamación y mejores resultados visuales, y un control adecuado de la respuesta inflamatoria durante el posoperatorio evitó que se perpetuaran o aparecieran complicaciones que incidieran en los resultados finales. Conclusiones: En la cirugía de catarata mediante la técnica de facoemulsificación existe una estrecha relación entre la preparación perioperatoria y los resultados finales(AU)


Objective: To describe the performance of cataract surgery using the phacoemulsification technique in patients with uveitis. Methods: A prospective longitudinal descriptive study was performed. The sample consisted of all patients with uveitis who underwent cataract surgery using the phacoemulsification technique, treated at the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology "Ramón Pando Ferrer" in the period from September 2018 to September 2019. Results: The predominant age group corresponds to the seventh decade of life, gender behaved equally, white skin color prevailed. Cataracts secondary to uveitis of non-infectious etiologies predominated and secondary glaucoma was the most frequent associated ocular disease. An adequate preoperative period influenced the improvement of visual results and the adequate control of the inflammatory response, an optimal transoperative period minimized complications, resulting in less inflammation and better visual results, and an adequate control of the inflammatory response during the postoperative period prevented the perpetuation or appearance of complications that affected the final results. Conclusions: In cataract surgery using the phacoemulsification technique there is a close relationship between perioperative preparation and final results(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Uveitis/etiology , Cataract Extraction/methods , Phacoemulsification/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies
3.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(3): e983, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1352023

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la evolución del resultado visual en pacientes con toxoplasmosis ocular activa. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo longitudinal en 101 pacientes inmunocompetentes con toxoplasmosis ocular activa, atendidos en la consulta de Uveítis del Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría", desde enero de 2012 a diciembre de 2018. Se evaluaron las variables localización de la lesión, tamaño, número, episodio, grado de inflamación, complicaciones, recurrencia postratamiento y mejor agudeza visual corregida. Se analizaron los resultados utilizando frecuencias absolutas y relativas, la asociación estadística chi cuadrado, las pruebas U Mann-Whitney o Kruskall Wallis, Friedman y de rangos con signos de Wilcoxon. Resultados: Según la localización de la lesión, los resultados visuales inferiores se presentaron en los pacientes con lesiones en zona I y los mejores se obtuvieron cuando hubo afectación en zona III. Se mostró una mejor evolución del resultado visual en los que tuvieron lesiones menores o iguales a un diámetro papilar. Existió diferencia estadística entre los diferentes grados de gravedad de la inflamación, con tendencia al incremento de la mejor agudeza visual corregida en el tiempo, después del tratamiento. Conclusiones: Durante la evolución de los pacientes inmunocompetentes con toxoplasmosis ocular activa se logra mejoría de la visión(AU)


Objective: Determine the evolution of visual results in patients with active ocular toxoplasmosis. Methods: An observational longitudinal prospective study was conducted of 101 immunocompetent patients with active ocular toxoplasmosis attending the Uveitis Service at Abel Santamaría General University Hospital from January 2012 to December 2018. The variables evaluated were injury location, size, number, episode, degree of inflammation, complications, post-treatment recurrence and best corrected visual acuity. Results were analyzed with absolute and relative frequencies, chi-square statistical association, the Mann-Whitney U or Kruskall Wallis tests, the Friedman test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: According to injury location, the lowest visual results were obtained in patients with zone I lesions, whereas the best results corresponded to zone III lesions. A better visual result evolution was achieved in patients with lesions smaller than or equal to a papillary diameter. A statistical difference was found between the various degrees of inflammation severity, with a tendency to an increase in best corrected visual acuity with the passing of time after treatment. Conclusions: Visual improvement is achieved during the evolution of immunocompetent patients with active ocular toxoplasmosis(AU)


Subject(s)
Uveitis/etiology , Visual Acuity , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/therapeutic use , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Observational Studies as Topic
4.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(3): e1020, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1352026

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la neovascularización coroidea en los pacientes con uveítis. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en pacientes con diagnóstico de neovascularización coroidea asociada a uveítis, atendidos en el Servicio de Uveítis e Inflamaciones Oculares del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer". Resultados: Esta entidad predominó en el sexo femenino, en edad pediátrica y en jóvenes. Se asoció con mayor frecuencia a enfermedades infecciosas, como la toxoplasmosis ocular, y un pequeño número de pacientes desarrolló membrana neovascular coroidea bilateral. Las membranas localizadas con mayor frecuencia fueron las subfoveales. Por angiografía fluoresceínica predominaron las clásicas, mientras el grosor de la membrana neovascular coroidea fue mayor que el grosor foveal central. La agudeza visual mejor corregida en la mayoría de nuestros pacientes fue menor de 85 VAR. Conclusión: La membrana neovascular coroidea asociada a las uveítis es reconocida como una complicación infrecuente, pero compromete de forma severa la visión en estos pacientes(AU)


Objective. To determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of choroidal neovascularization in patients with uveitis. Method. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with a diagnosis of choroidal neovascularization associated with uveitis, attended in the Uveitis and Ocular Inflammations Service of the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology "Ramón Pando Ferrer". Results. This entity predominated in the female sex, in pediatric age and youth. It was more frequently associated with infectious diseases, such as ocular toxoplasmosis, and a small number of patients developed bilateral choroidal neovascular membrane. The most frequent location of the membranes were the subfoveal ones, by fluorescein angiography the predominantly classic ones and the thickness of the choroidal neovascular membrane was greater than the central foveal thickness. The best corrected visual acuity in most of our patients was less than 85 VAR. Conclusion. CNVM associated with uveitis is recognized as an uncommon complication but one that severely compromises vision in these patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Uveitis/etiology , Fluorescein Angiography/methods , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/epidemiology , Choroidal Neovascularization/diagnosis , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Studies as Topic
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 53(6): e9118, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-1132524

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors for uveitis recurrence (UR) risk in Behcet's disease (BD) patients. BD patients (n=164) with a history of uveitis were recruited, and demographic data, clinical features, and laboratory tests were recorded. Uveitis was defined as anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, posterior uveitis, panuveitis referring to the "International Uveitis Study Group recommendations for the evaluation of intraocular inflammatory disease". In total, there were 70 UR patients and 94 non-UR patients. Compared to non-UR patients, UR patients appeared to be older and presented with increased uveitis occurrence rate and times within 3 months, oral ulcers occurrence rate, as well as higher concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and serum amyloid A (SAA). Multivariate logistic model disclosed that uveitis occurrence times within 3 months, oral ulcers, TG, LDL, and SAA independently predicted higher risk of UR. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the combination of uveitis occurrence times within 3 months, oral ulcers, TG, LDL, and SAA exhibited a high predictive value for UR risk with an area under the curve of 0.983 (95%CI: 0.969−0.998). In conclusion, uveitis occurrence times within 3 months, oral ulcers, TG, LDL, and SAA might be potential predictive factors for UR risk in BD patients, which can help in prevention and management of the disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Uveitis/etiology , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Recurrence , Uveitis/drug therapy , Behcet Syndrome/drug therapy , Risk Factors , ROC Curve
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(4): 263-269, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019422

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with Behçet's disease with and without ocular involvement as well as to evaluate the correlation between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and choroidal thickness among patients with Behçet's disease. Methods: This was a prospective interventional study investigating erythrocyte sedimentation as well as choroidal and retinal thickness among patients with Behçet's disease. Patients who were diagnosed based on The International Criteria for Behçet's Disease with (Group A) or without (Group B) ocular involvement and a matched control group (Group C) participated in the study. Optical coherence tomography measurements and blood tests were performed on the same day. Retinal and choroidal thickness were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), and central macular thickness, central subfoveal choroidal thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography. Results: Average erythrocyte sedimenta­tion values were 9.89 mm/h in Group A, 16.21 mm/h in Group B, and 3.89 mm/h in Group C; average central subfoveal choroidal thickness values were 350.66, 331.74, and 325.95 mm, respectively. Average central macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness values of patients in Groups A, B and C were 226.39 and 225.97mm; 234.11 and 92.00 mm; and 97.58 and 99.84 mm, respectively. No significant difference was seen between Group A and B patients in central subfoveal choroidal thickness, central macular thickness, or retinal nerve fiber layer thickness values. Central macular thickness was statistically significantly thinner in Groups A and B than in Group C (p=0.016). Group A had thinning in the nasal quadrant of the retinal and general retinal nerve fiber layers when compared with those in Group C (p=0.010 and 0.041, respectively). A connection could not be established between the erythrocyte sedimentation, central subfoveal cho­roidal thickness, central macular thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in the patients with Behçet's disease. Conclusion: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is typically used to test for activation of Behçet's disease and assess treatment response. In our study, we could not establish a connection between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and central subfoveal choroidal thickness, central macular thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with systematically active Behçet's disease without ocular involvement.


RESUMO Objetivos: Comparar a espessura da retina e da coroide em pacientes com doença de Behçet, com e sem acometimento ocular e avaliar a correlação entre a taxa de sedimentação de eritrócitos e a espessura da coroide em pacientes com doença de Behçet. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo intervencional que investigou a sedimentação de eritrócitos, espessura de coroide e da retina em pacientes com doença de Behçet. Os pacientes que foram diagnosticados com base nos Critérios Internacionais para a Doença de Behçet com (Grupo A) ou sem (Grupo B) envolvimento ocular e um grupo controle correspondente (Grupo C) participaram do estudo. Medidas de tomografia de coerência óptica e exames de sangue foram realizados no mesmo dia. As espessuras da retina e da coroide foram medidas utilizando tomografia de coerência óptica de domínio espectral (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Hidelberg, Germany) e a espessura macular central, a espessura coroidal subfoveal central e a espessura da camada de fibra nervosa da retina foram medidas usando tomografia de coerência óptica. Resultados: Os valores médios de sedimentação de eritrócitos foram de 9,89 mm/h no Grupo A, 16,21 mm/h no Grupo B e 3,89 mm/h no Grupo C; os valores médios da espessura da coroide subfoveal central foram 350,66, 331,74 e 325,95 mm respectivamente. Os valores médios da espessura macular central e da espessura da camada de fibra nervosa da retina dos pacientes nos grupos A, B e C foram de 226,39, 225,97, 234,11 mm e 92,00, 97,58, 99,84 mm respectivamente. Não houve diferença significativa entre pacientes do Grupo A e B na espessura da coroide subfoveal central, espessura macular central ou valores da espessura da camada de fibra nervosa da retina. A espessura macular central foi estatisticamente significativamente mais fina nos Grupos A e B do que no Grupo C (p=0,016). O Grupo A apresentou afinamento na porção nasal das camadas retiniana e geral da fibra nervosa da retina quando comparado com o Grupo C (p=0,010, p=0,041, respectivamente). Não foi possível estabelecer uma conexão entre a sedimentação dos eritrócitos, a espessura subfoveal central da coroide, a espessura macular central e espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina nos pacientes com doença de Behçet. Conclusão: A taxa de sedimentação de eritrócitos é comumente utilizada para testar a ativação da doença de Behçet e avaliar a resposta ao tratamento. Em nosso estudo, não foi possível estabelecer uma conexão entre a taxa de sedimentação de eritrócitos e a espessura da coroide subfoveal central, espessura macular central e espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina em pacientes com doença de Behçet sistematicamente ativa sem envolvimento ocular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Retina/pathology , Blood Sedimentation , Behcet Syndrome/pathology , Behcet Syndrome/blood , Choroid/pathology , Reference Values , Retina/diagnostic imaging , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Behcet Syndrome/complications , Prospective Studies , Choroid/diagnostic imaging , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Intraocular Pressure , Nerve Fibers/pathology
7.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(3): 170-174, May-June 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013670

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) is caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and commonly affects elderly or immunocompromised patients. It has the potential to generate severe complications such as corneal ulcers, uveitis, retinal necrosis and post herpetic neuralgia. This study aimed to evaluate patients at the acute onset of the disease and describe their clinical profile and ophthalmologic findings. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from March 2014 to October 2015. All consecutive patients with the diagnosis of acute HZO (at a vesicle, pustule or crust stage) were enrolled and submitted to an ophthalmologic exam that included ectoscopy, best corrected visual acuity, corneal sensitivity test, slit-lamp examination, Goldmann applanation tonometry and funduscopic examination. Results: Nineteen patients were included. The mean age was 71 years old, ranging from 52 to 88. Ten patients had high blood pressure (52.6%) and nine (47.3%) had diabetes. Visual acuity lowered in comparison to the fellow eye in eleven patients (57%), ranging from one to six lines of vision, due mostly to epithelial keratitis and ocular discharge. Intraocular pressure (IOP) did not varied in most cases compared to the fellow eye. Hutchinson's sign (HS) was present in seven (36%) patients. The correlation between HS and anterior chamber reaction as well as decreased corneal sensitivity was statistically significant with Fisher's test of 0.009 and 0.029 respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical profile of our patients was elderly patients with a higher rate of diabetes. Correlation between Hutchinson's sign and anterior chamber reaction as well as decrease in corneal sensitivity was significant. High intraocular pressure or posterior segment complications were not found in any cases.


RESUMO Objetivos: Herpes Zoster Oftálmico (HZO) é uma doença causada pelo vírus varicella-zoster que comumente afeta idosos ou doentes imunossuprimidos, com potencial para gerar graves comorbidades oculares, incluindo úlceras corneanas, uveíte, necrose retiniana e neuralgia pós-herpética. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar estes pacientes na forma aguda da doença e descrever seu perfil clínico e achados oftalmológicos. Métodos: Um estudo transversal foi realizado entre março de 2014 e outubro de 2015. Todos os pacientes consecutivos com o diagnóstico de HZO (na forma vesicular, pustulosa ou crostosa) foram incluídos e submetidos ao exame oftalmológico que incluiu ectoscopia, melhor acuidade visual corrigida, teste de sensibilidade corneana, biomicroscopia, tonometria de aplanação de Goldmann e fundoscopia. Resultados: Dezenove pacientes foram incluídos. A idade média foi de 71 anos. Dez (52,6%) pacientes relataram hipertensão arterial sistêmica e nove (47,3%) diabetes mellitus. A acuidade visual do olho acometido se encontrou abaixo do olho contra lateral em 57% dos casos, variando entre uma a seis linhas de visão. A pressão intraocular não variou na maioria dos casos em comparação com o olho contralateral. O sinal de Hutchinson estava presente em sete (36%) pacientes. A correlação entre este sinal e a presença tanto de reação de câmara anterior quanto de hipoestesia corneana foi positiva estatisticamente, com teste exato de Fisher de 0,009 e 0,029 respectivamente (p<0,05). Conclusão: Idosos com uma prevalência elevada de diabetes mellitus representaram o perfil clínico dos pacientes deste estudo. A correlação entre o sinal de Hutchinson e reação de câmara anterior, bem como daquele com hipoestesia corneana foi estatisticamente significativa. Não foi identificado nenhum caso de hipertensão ocular ou complicações de segmento posterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/complications , Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus/diagnosis , Uveitis/etiology , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Hypertension , Keratitis/etiology
8.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 78(1): 62-64, jan.-fev. 2019. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-990788

ABSTRACT

Resumo A Síndrome de Blau é uma doença de caráter hereditário autossômico dominante a qual também pode ocorrer de forma esporádica via mutação "de novo". Em geral, tem aparecimento precoce ainda na primeira infância e sua tríade clássica inclui artrite, dermatite e uveíte. Este trabalho visa relatar as manifestações clínicas e principalmente oftalmológicas de uma paciente diagnosticada com Síndrome de Blau com ênfase ao achado incomum de infiltrados corneanos subepiteliais, raramente descrito na literatura.


Abstract The Blau syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease which can also occur sporadically via "de novo" mutation. Overall it has early onset and its classic triad includes arthritis, dermatitis and uveitis. This paper describes clinical and mainly especially ophthalmologic manifestations of a patient diagnosed with Blau syndrome with emphasis on an uncommon finding of corneal subepithelial infiltrates, rarely described in the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Arthritis/genetics , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/genetics , Cornea , Dermatitis/genetics , Mutation , Syndrome
9.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(2): 80-84, mar.-abr. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899114

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: A uveíte anterior aguda é a principal manifestação extra-articular na espondiloartrite. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se a presença da uveíte se associa com diferentes manifestações clínicas, laboratoriais, radiológicas e a terapêutica nos pacientes com espondiloartrite. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo realizado com 153 pacientes portadores de espondiloartrite atendidos no período de 1997 a 2017 na Grande Florianópolis, Brasil. Foram analisados dados demográficos, laboratoriais, clínicos e do tratamento de pacientes com espondiloartrite em relação a presença ou não de uveíte. Resultados: A uveíte foi encontrada em 26,8% dos pacientes. A presença de complicações foi rara, ocorrendo catarata em somente quatro pacientes e glaucoma em dois deles. Foi observada uma tendência a maior frequência de uveíte anterior aguda no sexo masculino (p=0,06), nos pacientes com história familiar (p=0,19) e HLA-B27 positivos (p=0,14). Pacientes com espondiloartrite e uveíte mais frequentemente usavam anti-TNF (p=0,04) e apresentavam sacroiliite em exames de imagem (p=0,02). Não observou-se associação entre a uveíte e o acometimento cardiovascular (p=0,44), cutâneo (p=0,13) ou gastrointestinal (p=0,10). Conclusão: A uveíte que ocorre em pacientes com espondiloartrite é comum, tem predomínio no sexo masculino e é mais frequente em pacientes com HLA-B27 positivo. O uso de imunobiológicos como o anti-TNF é frequente nos pacientes com uveíte.


Abstract Objective: Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is the most common extra-articular manifestation of spondyloarthritis. The aim of this study is to analyze if the presence of uveitis is associated with a diferent clinical manifestation, laboratorial, radiological and therapetiuc among spondyloarthritis patients. Methods: This was a observational retrospective study with 153 patients with spondyloarthritis attended in the period from 1997 to 2017 in Florianopolis, Brazil. It was analyzed demografical, laboratorial, clinical and therapeutic data in spondyloarthritis patients with or without uveitis. Results: 26,8% of the patients with spondyloarthritis presented uveitis. The presence of complications was rare, with cataract occurring in only four patients and glaucoma in two of them. A higher frequency of acute anterior uveitis in males (p = 0.06) was observed in patients with a family history (p = 0.19) and HLA-B27 positive (p = 0.14). Patients with spondyloarthritis and uveitis more frequently used anti-TNF (p = 0.04) and presented sacroiliitis on imaging tests (p = 0.02). There was no association between uveitis and cardiovascular (p = 0.44), cutaneous (p = 0.13) or gastrointestinal involvement (p = 0.10). Conclusion: Uveitis in patients with spondylarthritis is common, predominantly in males, and more frequently in HLA-B27 positive patients. The use of immunobiological agents such as anti-TNF is common in patients with uveitis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/epidemiology , Spondylarthritis/complications , Spondylitis, Ankylosing , Uveitis/diagnosis , Uveitis/drug therapy , X-Rays , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , HLA-B27 Antigen/blood , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use , Spondylarthritis/diagnosis , Spondylarthritis/drug therapy , Sacroiliitis/diagnostic imaging , Observational Study , Leflunomide/therapeutic use , Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/therapeutic use
10.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 76(4): 181-185, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899074

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição dos casos de uveíte em pacientes atendidos no Setor de Uveíte do Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Federal Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo, transversal e descritivo pela análise de prontuários de 63 pacientes atendidos no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no Setor de Uveíte, no período de Março a Outubro de 2016. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 45,54 (±15,8), sendo 50,8% do sexo feminino e 49,2% do masculino. Uveítes anteriores corresponderam à 63,49% dos casos, intermediárias 1,58% posterior 19,04% e panuveíte 15,87%. Apenas 33,3% dos pacientes encontravam-se com processo inflamatório ativo no momento da avaliação. Cerca de 74,6% das uveítes tinham causas não infecciosas e em 12,69% não foi possível a determinação etiológica. A causa isolada mais frequente foi Espondilite Anquilosante, responsável por 28,57% dos casos. Demonstrou-se que 55,5% dos pacientes tinham acometimento bilateral e 71,14% apresentavam uveíte não granulomatosa. Conclusões: Estudos epidemiológicos que tratam de uveíte são, em geral, realizados em centros terciários de atendimento, que por vezes apresentam perfil etiológico destas inflamações intra-oculares diferente da população geral.


Abstract Objective: To analyze the distribution of uveitis in patients at Uveitis Sector of Federal Hospital of Servants of Rio de Janeiro State. Methods: Retrospective epidemiological study of 63 appointments performed by ophthalmologist of Uveitis Sector at Federal Hospital of Servants of Rio De Janeiro State, between March and October of 2016. Results: The mean age was 45.54 (±15.8). 50.5% were female. Anterior uveitis corresponded to 63.49%. Only 33.3% of patient had an active inflammation at the moment of medical avaliation. 74.6% of uveitis had non-infeccious causes, and in 12.69% the etiology could not be determined. Ankylosing spondylitis was the most frequent cause, responsible for 28.57% of cases. 55.5% of patients had a bilateral uveitis, and 71.14% non-granulomatous uveitis. Conclusions: Epidemiological studies about uveitis are usually made in terciary hospitals, which do not reflect the epidemiological profile of population in general.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/epidemiology , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Uveitis/classification , Uveitis/complications , Uveitis/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Comorbidity , Medical Records , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(6): 371-375, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-768171

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the effects of 1% morphine instillation on clinical parameters, aqueous humor turbidity, and expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in rabbits with endotoxin-induced experimental uveitis. Methods: Twenty four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups (n=6 each): control (CG), morphine (MG), naloxone (NG), and morphine-naloxone (MNG) groups. Under dissociative anesthesia, 0.1 mL of solution containing 0.2 µg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin from the Salmonella typhimurium cell wall was injected in the vitreous chamber. Clinical evaluations (conjunctical hyperemia, chemosis blepharospasm, and ocular discharge) and laser flaremetry were performed before (baseline), and 10 and 20 hours after induction of uveitis. Rabbits were subsequently euthanized and eyes were enucleated to quantify expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1 beta, PGE2, and MPO. Results: No significant differences in clinical parameters and flare values were observed between the study groups. TNF-α and IL-1 beta levels increased significantly in the CG, MG, NG, and MNG groups compared to baseline (P<0.05). Significant differences in PGE2 levels were observed between the MG and NMG groups (P<0.05). A trend toward increased MPO activity was observed in response to uveitis induction; however, this trend did not reach statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusions: Morphine has no effect on clinical parameters, flare, or expression levels of inflammatory mediators in a rabbit model of uveitis induced by intravitreal injection of LPS.


RESUMO Objetivo: Estudaram-se os efeitos da instilação de morfina 1% sobre parâmetros clínicos, turbidez do humor aquoso e expressão de fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-alfa), de interleucina-1 beta (IL-1beta), de prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) e de mieloperoxidase (MPO), em olhos de coelhos com uveíte induzida por endotoxina. Material e Métodos: Vinte e quatro coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia Branco foram distribuídos em quatro grupos (n=6, em cada): grupo controle (GC), morfina (GM), naloxona (GN) e morfina-naloxona (GMN). Sob anestesia dissociativa, injetou-se 0,1 mL de solução contendo 0,2 µg de lipossacarídeo (LPS) endotóxico da parede celular de Salmonella typhimurium na câmara vítrea. Realizou-se avaliação clínica (hiperemia conjuntival, quemose, blefaroespasmo e secreção ocular) e a flaremetria a “laser” antes (basal) e após 10 e 20 horas da indução da uveíte. No final, os coelhos foram submetidos à eutanásia e os olhos com uveíte foram enucleados para a quantificação dos níveis de TNF-alfa, IL-1 beta, PGE2 e MPO. Diferenças foram consideradas significativas quando p<0,05. Resultados: Os grupos da pesquisa não diferiram quanto aos parâmetros clínicos e os valores de “flare”. Observou-se elevação significativa nos níveis de TNF-alfa e de IL-1 beta, comparativamente ao basal, nos grupos GC, GM, GN e GMN (p<0,05). Valores de PGE2 variaram entre os grupos GM e GNM (p<0,05). A atividade de MPO aumentou após a indução da uveíte, porém, sem significância estatística (p>0,05). Conclusões: A morfina não atuou sobre parâmetros clínicos, “flare” e expressão dos mediadores inflamatórios estudados, quando instilada em olhos de coelhos com uveíte induzida por injeção intravítrea de LPS.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology , Dinoprostone/analysis , Interleukin-1beta/analysis , Morphine/pharmacology , Peroxidase/analysis , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis , Uveitis/drug therapy , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Aqueous Humor/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Endotoxins , Instillation, Drug , Morphine/therapeutic use , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Uvea/drug effects , Uvea/pathology , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/pathology
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(3): 185-186, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-753012

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Permanent visual loss can be caused by improper use of immunosuppressive therapy in cases of uveitis without differential diagnosis of syphilitic uveitis. We present four cases of syphilitic uveitis that were incorrectly diagnosed as being secondary to rheumatic diseases and were subsequently treated with immunosuppressive therapy, leading to permanent visual loss. These cases highlight the importance of ruling out syphilis in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory ocular diseases before starting use of immunosuppressive therapy.


RESUMO Elucidar os efeitos adversos do uso de medicações imunossupressoras em pacientes com uveíte não diagnosticada por sífilis. Avaliação de quatro pacientes com uveíte por sífilis submetidos a tratamento com drogas imunossupressoras por suspeita de uveíte secundária a doenças reumáticas, que desenvolveram perda visual permanente. Sífilis deve ser sempre um diagnóstico diferencial nas doenças inflamatórias oculares, principalmente antes do início de terapia imunossupressora.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Syphilis/drug therapy , Uveitis/drug therapy , Vision Disorders/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption Test , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Syphilis/complications , Uveitis/etiology , Visual Acuity/drug effects
15.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 73(6): 348-350, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741915

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To correlate clinical findings of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease with standardized echography findings in a cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study. Methods: Patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in the convalescent and recurrence phases were evaluated with standardized ocular echography. Eyes with opaque media were excluded. Clinical findings were correlated with echographic data. Results: Thirty-seven eyes of 25 patients were included. Best corrected visual acuity was in average 20/100 (0.70 logMAR). Clinical findings included: sunset glow fundus (92%), pigment migration (92%), nummular chorioretinal depigmented scars (68%) and subretinal fibrosis (64.8%). Standardized echography was able to recognize all the cases with subretinal fibrosis (n=24) described clinically. Standardized echography showed a 100% sensitivity and specificity of finding subretinal fibrosis. Subretinal fibrosis in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada represents a risk factor for low vision. In our patients’ eyes, presence of subretinal fibrosis had a 2.5 time relative risk of having a visual acuity equal or worst to 20/70. Conclusions: Standardized echography represents a useful tool in patients with VKH in the chronic (convalescence and recurrence) phase of the disease. Subretinal fibrosis, a sight threatening complication in the convalescence and recurrent phases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada, can be diagnosed with ocular echography, with characteristic images. Knowledge of these images can be useful in cases with opaque media and bilateral anterior segment granulomatous inflammatory disease. .


Objetivo: Correlacionar achados clínicos da síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada com resultados ecográficos padronizado da doença em um estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional. Métodos: Pacientes com a doença de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada, o convalescente e recorrência em fases padronizadas foram avaliados com ecografia ocular. Olhos com material opaco foram excluídos. Achados clínicos foram correlacionados com dados ecográficos. Resultados: Um total de 25 pacientes e trinta e sete olhos foram incluídos no estudo. A acuidade visual (AV) 20/100 foi em média 0.70 logMAR. Os achados clínicos incluídos: sunset glow fundus (92%), pigmento migração (92%), numular despigmentado cicatrizes coriorretinianas (68%) e fibrose sub-retiniana (64,8%). A ecografia padronizada foi capaz de reconhecer todos os casos de fibrose sub-retiniana (n= 24) descrito clinicamente. A ecografia revelou um padrão 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade do diagnóstico fibrose sub-retiniana. Sub-retiniana em pacientes com fibrose Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada representa um fator de risco para a baixa visão. Em nossos pacientes olhos, presença de fibrose subretiniana tinham um risco relativo 2,5 hora de ter uma acuidade visual igual ou pior para 20/70. Conclusão: Ecografia padronizadarepresenta uma ferramenta útil em pacientes portadores da doença na fase crônica (convalescença, e recidiva). Fibrose sub-retiniana, uma visão ameaçadora e complicação na convalescença e recorrentes nas fases da Síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi- Harada, podem ser diagnosticados com ecografia ocular, com imagens características. O conhecimento dessas imagens pode ser útil em casos com material opaco e segmento anterior bilateral da doença inflamatória granulomatosa. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/complications , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/pathology , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography/standards , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological/standards , Retina/diagnostic imaging , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Retinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/diagnostic imaging , Fibrosis , Visual Acuity , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Choroid/diagnostic imaging , Axial Length, Eye , Observational Study , Fundus Oculi , Mexico
16.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 26(3): 369-378, sep.-dic. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706668

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de las uveítis virales según su etiología. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo transversal, que determinó el diagnóstico clínico y etiológico, según la reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR) de 10 ojos de pacientes atendidos en la consulta de uveítis, en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología ®Ramón Pando Ferrer¼, de mayo a noviembre del 2010. Se utilizó una muestra de fluidos intraoculares tomada a los pacientes. Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, color de piel, antecedentes personales generales u oculares, clasificación anatómica y patológica de la uveítis, curso evolutivo, bilateralidad, agudeza visual y presión intraocular iniciales y finales respectivamente, hallazgos al fondo de ojo y resultados de la PCR. La información fue procesada y los resultados expuestos en tablas. Resultados: la edad promedio de los pacientes estudiados fue de 34,5 años, que presentaron en su mayoría episodios de uveítis anteriores unilaterales. La agudeza visual mejor corregida final mejoró con respecto a la inicial en el grupo de estudio, aunque la presión intraocular se mantuvo elevada sin lograr controlarla. El virus más hallado fue el Herpes simple. Conclusiones: los virus son responsables de producir inflamaciones oculares de presentación variada, lo que en ocasiones retrasa el diagnóstico, empeorando el pronóstico visual. En estos casos el método de PCR ha demostrado ser una herramienta útil para establecer el diagnóstico etiológico


Objective: to identify the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of viral uveitis according to their etiology. Methods: observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study to determine the clinical and etiological diagnosis, according to the plolymerase chain reaction results, of 10 eyes from patients seen at the uveitis consultation service at Ramon Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from May to November 2010. The sample comprised intraocular fluids taken from the patients. The analyzed variables were age, sex and race, general or ocular personal background, anatomical and pathological classification of uveitis, progression, bilaterality, and initial and final visual acuity and intraocular pressure, respectively, funduscopy findings and PCR results. The collected information was processed and expressed in tables. Results: the average age of the studied patients was 34.5 years; most of them had had episodes of unilateral anterior uveitis. The final best corrected visual acuity improved when compared to the initial one of the study group, although the intraocular pressure remained high with no control. The most found virus was Herpes simplex. Conclusions: the viruses are responsible for causing ocular inflammation of varied presentations, which occasionally delays the diagnosis and worsens the visual prognosis. In these cases, the PCR method has proved to be useful tool to set the final etiological diagnosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Uveitis/diagnosis , Uveitis/etiology , Visual Acuity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Studies as Topic
17.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 71(6): 397-399, nov.-dez. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-662737

ABSTRACT

Extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease are common. Although ocular complications of Crohn's disease are infrequent, most ocular manifestations include iritis, uveitis, episcleritis, scleritis and conjuntivitis. We report a patient who developed uveitis two years before diagnose of Crohn's disease.


Manifestações extraintestinais da doença de Crohn são comuns. As manifestações oculares são infrequentes e caracterizam-se em sua maioria por irite, uveíte, episclerite, esclerite e conjuntivite. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente que desenvolveu uveíte dois anos antes de firmado o diagnóstico de doenca de Crohn.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Optic Disk/abnormalities , Crohn Disease/complications , Crohn Disease/drug therapy , Eye Pain , Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Uveitis/etiology
18.
An. bras. dermatol ; 87(6): 877-883, Nov.-Dec. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656612

ABSTRACT

Psoriasis is a systemic, chronic, immunologically mediated disease, with significant genetic and environmental influences. It affects from 1 to 3% of the world population. Recently, the relation between psoriasis and different comorbidities, particularly metabolic syndrome, has become extremely relevant. Uveitis is characterized by a process of intraocular inflammation resulting from various causes. Considering psoriasis and uveitis as immune-mediated diseases, this study aims to evaluate the possible association of psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis with uveitis and its subtypes. Few studies have evaluated the association of uveitis and psoriasis without joint involvement. It seems that psoriasis without arthropathy is not a risk factor for the development of uveitis. Uveitis tends to develop more frequently in patients with arthropathy or pustular psoriasis than in patients with other forms of psoriasis. Ophthalmic examination should be performed periodically in patients with psoriasis and uveitis. If ophthalmopathy is diagnosed, the patient should receive adequate treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs or immunomodulators to prevent vision loss.


Psoríase é uma doença sistêmica, crônica, imunologicamente mediada, com importante influência genética e ambiental, que afeta 1 à 3% da população mundial. Nos últimos anos, a relação da psoríase com diferentes comorbidades, em especial a síndrome metabólica, tornou-se extremamente relevante. A uveíte é caracterizada por um processo de inflamação intra-ocular resultante de várias causas. Considerando a psoríase e a uveíte como doenças imunologicamente mediadas, o presente trabalho visa avaliar a possível associação da psoríase e/ou artrite psoriática com a uveíte e seus subtipos. Poucos são os estudos que avaliam a associação de uveíte e psoríase sem comprometimento articular. Parece que a psoríase sem artropatia não seria um fator de risco para desenvolvimento de uveíte. A uveíte tende a desenvolver mais frequentemente em pacientes com artropatia ou psoríase pustulosa que em outras formas de psoríase. Avaliação oftalmológica deve ser feita periodicamente em pacientes com psoríase, proporcionando ao paciente um diagnóstico precoce da oftalmopatia e a instituição de tratamento adequado com anti-inflamatórios não hormonais ou drogas imunomoduladoras, no intuito de evitar a perda da visão nos pacientes com psoríase e uveíte.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Psoriasis/complications , Uveitis/etiology , Risk Factors
19.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 52(5): 749-756, set.-out. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-653727

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho propõe uma revisão de epidemiologia, patogênese, quadro clínico, diagnóstico e tratamento da espondilite anquilosante e sua associação com alteração ocular com a devida condução da doença e suas manifestações. Os autores utilizaram em sua pesquisa os bancos de dados PubMed (MEDLINE), LILACS e Biblioteca do Centro de Estudos de Oftalmologia. A espondilite anquilosante é uma doença inflamatória crônica que acomete preferencialmente o esqueleto axial, podendo evoluir com rigidez e limitação funcional progressiva. Seu início costuma ocorrer por volta da segunda à terceira década de vida, preferencialmente em indivíduos do gênero masculino, caucasianos e HLA-B27-positivos. Sua etiologia e patogênese não são completamente elucidadas, e seu diagnóstico costuma ser tardio. O controle clínico e o tratamento são frequentemente satisfatórios.A uveíte anterior aguda é a manifestação extra-articular mais comum, ocorrendo em cerca de 20%-30% dos pacientes com espondilite anquilosante. Aproximadamente metade dos casos de uveíte anterior aguda está associada à presença do antígeno HLA-B27, podendo ser a primeira manifestação de uma doença reumatológica não diagnosticada, geralmente com boa resposta terapêutica e bom prognóstico. Concluímos que, para melhor avaliação e tratamento dos pacientes com uveíte, é importante maior integração entre oftalmologistas e reumatologistas.


The present article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and its association with ocular changes. The authors used the PubMed (MEDLINE), LILACS, and Ophthalmology Library databases. Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that usually affects the axial skeleton and can progress to stiffness and progressive functional limitation. Ankylosing spondylitis usually begins around the second to third decade of life, preferentially in HLA-B27-positive white males. Its etiology and pathogenesis are not completely understood, and its diagnosis is diffi cult. Clinical control and treatment are frequently satisfactory. Acute anterior uveíte is the most common extra-articular manifestation, occurring in 20%-30% of the patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Approximately half of the acute anterior uveíte cases are associated with the presence of the HLA-B27 antigen. It can be the first manifestation of an undiagnosed rheumatic disease, usually having a good prognosis and appropriate response to treatment. In conclusion, for better assessment and treatment of patients with uveitis, ophthalmologists and rheumatologists should work together.


Subject(s)
Humans , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications , Uveitis/etiology , /immunology , Prognosis , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/diagnosis , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/etiology , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/immunology , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/therapy , Uveitis/diagnosis , Uveitis/immunology , Uveitis/therapy
20.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2012 Jul-Aug; 60(4): 311-313
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-144858

ABSTRACT

The outcome of four cases of sterile endophthalmitis that developed after intravitreal injections of bevacizumab has been reported here. All four eyes received 1.25 mg/0.05 ml intravitreal bevacizumab from 0.2-ml aliquots for different etiologies. The inflammation predominantly involved the anterior chamber with mild vitreous reaction. All patients were culture negative and regained preinjection visual acuity and were culture negative following intravitreal antibiotic administration. This report highlights that intravitreal bevacizumab can cause sterile endophthalmitis and this has to be kept in mind, and clinical judgment should be used to differentiate it from infective endophthalmitis.


Subject(s)
Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects , Communication , Correspondence as Topic , Endophthalmitis/etiology , Humans , Male , Uveitis/drug therapy , Uveitis/etiology , Uveitis/therapy
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